Integration of traditional maritime governance systems in combating drug trafficking: A case study of the institution of panglima laot in Aceh, Indonesia

Abstract

The article explores the potential of leveraging indigenous maritime wisdom to combat drug smuggling via sea routes in Aceh, Indonesia. This region has recently experienced significant challenges related to narcotics trafficking, as evidenced by several major seizures in 2022 and 2023. The study specifically explores the integration of traditional maritime institutions, with a focus on the panglima laot system, into contemporary maritime security frameworks. Using a qualitative methodology, the research employed participatory observation and in-depth interviews with 11 key informants, including traditional leaders, fishermen, and government officials. The findings indicate that customary maritime practices, such as khanduri laot (sea rituals), hukom adat laot (customary sea law), and meupayang law (fishing regulations), can be effectively adapted to enhance anti-narcotics efforts. This study proposes an innovative model for maritime security by synergizing these indigenous elements with formal security agencies through joint regulatory mechanisms and coordinated surveillance systems. Ultimately, this research contributes to the broader discourse on harnessing local knowledge systems to address contemporary security challenges at sea and offers valuable insights for policymakers and practitioners operating in coastal regions facing similar threats.